自考题库|自学考试中英翻译复习提纲2

自学考试中英翻译复习提纲2

21. The Hall of Supreme^{1 Harmony, the Meridian2 Gate, the Outer Palace, the Inner Court, the Golden Water Bridge, the Gate of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Complete Harmony, the Hall of Preserving Harmony.
太和殿, 午门, 外朝, 内延, 金水桥, 太和门, 中和殿, 保和殿}

22.总面积共有68.2公顷, 燕京八景之一, 五龙亭, 九龙壁, 御花园, 白塔, 燕京, 琉璃瓦, 影壁
With a total area of 68.2 ha. One of the eight views of Beijing. The Five Dragon Pavilion. Nine-Dragon Screen. The Imperial garden. The White Dagoba. Beijing. Glazed^{3 tiles. Screen.}

UNIT 4 ECONOMY
1.President Clinton realized---as al of us must---- that todays economy is global.
正如每一个人需要认识到的那样,克林顿总统认识到当今的经济具备全球性质.

2. 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion, putting Chinas share of world at 0.6 percent. The most populous^{4 country in the world, China ranked a distant 30th among exporting nations. By 1993 Chinas exports and imports totaled nearly $200 billion. China had become the worlds tenth largest exporter.
在1977年,中国进出口总额还不到150亿USD,仅占世界贸易总额的0.6%, 世界上人口最多的中国在出口国家里排名靠后,只是第30位,到1993年,中国进出口总额接近2000亿USD,它已成为每10个最大的出口国.}

3. Per capita GNP has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980-1992.
从1980年至1992年,人均国民生产总值平均增长率为7.6%.

4. But the importance of trade in our economy has exploded in the past three decades. In 1970, the value of two way trade was equal to just 13% of the US economy. Last year, that figure, at 28%, was more than twice as high. In just the last seven years, jobs supported by US exports have risen by 4 million, to a total of 11 million. Thats almost one out of ten American jobs. Last year US trade equaled $1.8 trillion dollars.
但在过去30年中,大家经济贸易的重要程度大大地增加了,在1970年,双边贸易的总值占了整个美国经济的13%.去年上升到28%,比1970年增加了一倍多.就在过去7年中,美国的出口创造的就业机会增加了400万个.总数上升到1100万个.这个数字就占美国就业总数的1/10.去年, 美国贸易总额达到了1.8亿USD.

5. Nor is the importance of trade likely to diminish for either China or the United States. Foreign exchange.
无论是中国还是美国,都不会缩小贸易的重要程度. 外汇.

6. Bilateral^{5 trade, the order of
双边贸易}

7. sound foundation for future commercial and financial ties.
为将来贸易与金融关系打下了一个坚实的基础.

8. Chinas imports from the US, which amounted to $900 million in 1978, rose to nearly $ 3 billion in 1982. exports rose from $300 million to $ 2.3 billion during that period. Total Chinese trade has also risenj dramatically, from 1978 to 1983 Chinese exports increased from roughly 10 billion to 22 billion, while imports increased from 10 billion to just over 21 billion.
中国从美国的进口额,从??到由9亿USD增至近30亿USD,对美出口额在这段时间也从3亿USD增至23亿USD.中国的对外贸易总额也急速攀升, 中国的出口额从1978年的约100亿USD增至1982年的220亿USD,进口额同时也从100亿USD增长到了210多个亿USD.

9. joint^{6 ventures. Offshore7 oil exploration
合资企业, 海上石油勘测}

10. there are reasons to be optimistic and to expect that commercial and financial relationships will grow in the future.
大家有理由维持乐观的态度,有理由相信,将来贸易与金融关系会继续进步.

11. Food production, industrial production. Light industries.
粮食产量, 工业生产, 轻工业

12. I believe Chinese economic authorities recognize the problem and the next Five-Year Plan will address it effectively.
我相信中国的经济管理部门已认识到这个问题,在下一个五年计划中定会有效地解决这一问题.

13. Britain lives by commerce. With 2% of the worlds population, we are the worlds fifth largest trading nation. We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and services that we export, the investment that we attract and we make abroad.
英国的存活依靠贸易. 虽然英国人口只占全球的2%, 它却是世界第五大贸易国.英国对产品和服务出口与对投资和引资的依靠超越了世界上其他主要经济体.

14.outward investor^{9, net income, the share of foreign investment.
国外投资, 净收入,}

15. what this means is that Britain has direct experience of the benefits that international trade and investment generate.
这意味着英国直接享遭到了国际投资所带来的利益., 国际投资的如火如荼符合国内利益.

16. that is the way to maximize her share of world markets; and----as the UK knows from direct experience----to attract the stimulus^{10, the technology and the funding that inward investment can offer.
最大限度地扩大其在世界上的市场份额的办法, 英国从自己直接的历程中领会到,吸引外资可以带来动力,技术和资金.}

17. 严复--天演论,信忠实, 达流畅, 雅尔雅, 他并不十分看重信, 他说译文取明深义,故词句之间,时有所颠倒附益,不斤斤于字比句次. 周煦良教授在翻译三论一文中说: 我觉得应当作为得体来理解.

18. multilateral disciplines. Brought this home. Zero-sum game. Finite stock. Donor^{11 and recipient12.
多边条款, 感触颇深, 盈利损失总体持平, 经济利益增长值, 投资方与被投资方}

19. 立足国内资源, 达成粮食基本自给, 是中国解决粮食供需问题的基本方针.
The basic principle for solving the problem of grain supply and demand in China is to reply on the domestic resources and basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain.

20.依据中国农业自然资源,生产条件,技术水平和其他进步条件,粮食增产潜力非常大.
Natural agricultural resources, production conditions, technical level and some other conditions ensure great potential in this respect.

21.即便考虑到土地报酬率递减的原因,也是有条件达成的.
To achieve the target is totally possible even if the factor of diminishing land returns rate is considered.

22.中国政府将在加大对现有耕地保护的同时,加快宜农荒地的开发和工矿废弃地的复垦.
The Chinese government will make efforts to speed up the reclamation^{13 of wasteland suitable for farming as well as land discarded by factories and mines.}

23. inland waters, aquaculture, aquatic^{14 products, intensification15, animal by-products, arbor16 foodstuffs17.
内陆水域,养殖,水商品,集约化,畜商品,木本食物.}

UNIT 5 CULTURE
1.its raining again. As I lie awake in bed, listening to the sound of those razor-sharp drops pounding on the pavement, my mind goes reeling down dark corridors teeming^{18 with agonizing19 flashbacks, and a chill from within fills me with dread20. Its raining, again.
又下雨了,我躺在床上,睡不着,听着雨点儿落在路面上啪啪作响.我思绪万千,恍恍惚惚进入了一条条幽暗的甬道,回想起很多痛苦的往事.心里一阵冰凉, 不禁感到毛骨悚然.是的,又在下雨了.}

2.it does this every year in Southern California; at least thats what they told me last year when I marveled at the relentless^{21 determination of the rain.
加利福尼亚南部,年年这样;去年,雨无情地下个不停.我表示惊异, 大家就是如此对我说的.}

3. every child raised in the West knows about these dangers. At least thats what I used to think. Im not so sure anymore.
在西部长大的孩子都了解洪水的厉害.至少我过去是如此想的,目前就不敢说的.

4. Habits form, however, and, in a childs mind, most of the time becomes all of the time, and nobody gives it much thought. Then the rains come.
然而孩子们屡见不鲜,在他们心目中,大多数时间变成了全部时间,而哪个也没仔细去想这件事.后来就下起雨来了.\

5.在理论方面,鲁迅曾针对当时赵景深的宁顺而不信的提法,提出了宁信而不顺的倡导. 1935年,鲁迅在题未定草一文中又对翻译作了新的概括.他说:但凡翻译,需要兼顾着两面,一当然力求其易解,一则保存着原作的丰姿.也就是说,翻译既要通顺,又要忠实.

6. Each day we make choices that affect our lives and, sometimes, the lives of others.
每一天大家都要做出很多选择,大多数是为自己,有些也为其他人.

7. Somehow our path took us toward the park, across the footbridge high above the rolling water of the Los Angeles River.
不知怎的,大家就踏上了通向公园的小路.

8.Many children were playing close to the water, and we were stunned^{22 by their ignorance and daring. The far bank.
很多孩子在告近水边的地方玩耍.他们的无知与鲁莽把我们两个看呆了.}

9. He jumped into the water to get his bike and was carried rapidly downstream, a look of panic and horror registering on his young face.
他跳进河里去捞车.急流一下子就把他给冲走了,他吓坏了,脸上现出惊恐的表情.刹那间,大家要做出选择.

10. the greatest instinct, I believe, is to help a child in need.
我想,是本能驱使大家去救助一个危难中的孩子.

11. I could see that he had confronted much more than he could handle, even being as strong and athletic^{23 as he was.
从艾勒的表情,我了解,尽管他身强力壮,但当时他面临的困境是他没办法摆脱的.}

12. feeling of guilt^{24, as a matter of course. That little was lucky to get out.
内疚心理, 理所当然, 那孩子命大的话会脱险的.}

13. Although both my parents died young, I have done well in this respect as regards my other ancestors. My maternal^{25 grandfather, it is true, was cut off in the flower of his youth at the age of sixty-seven, but my other three grandparents all lived to be over eighty.
我的爸爸妈妈年龄轻轻就过世了,可是说到祖辈,我还是选得很好的.我外祖父固然是在风华正茂之年就弃世了,当时他只有六十七岁,但我的祖父,祖母和外祖母却都活到了八十以上.}

14. my maternal grandmother, after having nine children who survived, one who died in infancy^{26, and many miscarriages27, as soon as she became a widow devoted28 herself to womens higher education.
我外祖母有九个孩子活了下来,有一个孩子非常小就去世了,她还流产过多次.老公一死,她就致力于女子高等教育.}

15. if you have wide and keen interests and activities in which you can still be effective, you will have no reason to think about the merely statistical^{29 fact of the number of years you have already lived, still less of the probable brevity of your future.
你如果有广泛的喜好和强烈的兴趣,而且还有能力参加一些活动,你就没理由去考虑自己已经活了多大了如此的具体数字,更没理由去考虑我们的余年大概是非常有限的了.}

16. ones thoughts must be directed to the future, and to things about which there is something to be done.
一个人应当考虑将来,考虑一些可以有所作为的事情.

17. It is easy to think to oneself that ones emotions used to be more vivid than they are, and ones mind more keen.
大家总是会对自己说,我过去感情多么丰富,思想多么敏锐,目前不可以了.

18. the other thing to be avoided is clinging to youth in the hope of sucking vigour^{30 from its vitality31.
另一件需要防止的事就是老想和青年呆在一块,期望从年轻人的活力中吸取力量.}

19. Animals become indifferent to their young as soon as their young can look after themselves, but human beings, owing to the length of infancy, find this difficult.
动物,一旦它们的后代可以自己照料自己,它们就不管了;但人,因为抚养子女的时间长,是很难如此做的.

20.在国内,从二十年代开始从事翻译工作,从五十年代乃至八十年代还在讨论翻译问题的,大概只有两个人,一个是郭沫若,一个就是茅盾.

21. I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal^{32 interests involving appropriate activities.
我觉得,假如老年人对个人以外的事情怀有强烈的兴趣,并参加适合的活动,大家的晚年是最易过得好的, 他们的晚年才会是一生收成的季节.}

22.Yong men who have reason to fear that they will be killed in battle may justifiably^{33 feel bitter in the thought that they have been cheated of the best things that life has to offer. But in old man who has known human joys and sorrows, and has achieved whatever work it was in him to do ,to fear of death is somewhat object and ignoble34.
年青时有这种想法是可以理解的. 年青人害怕阵亡疆场,而且一想到生活最好看的好的所有就这么被葬送了,恐惧的心情会愈加紧急.这种恐惧无可厚非.但作为老年人,生活的悲欢离合你已都历程过了,自己要做的事情也都做了,这个时候若还恐惧死亡,那就有的叫人瞧不起了.}

23. An inpidual human existence should be like a river--- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks, and rushing passionately^{35 past boulders36 and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede37, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end , without any visible break, they become merged38 in the sea, and painlessly lose their inpidual being.
一个人的一生应像一条河----起初窄窄的,夹在两岸之中,急速地流动阒,冲过岩石,冲下瀑布,日渐地,河面变宽了,两岸变得愈加远,河水静静地流动着,直到最后,再也没什么妨碍了,由于这个时候,你已融入了大海,毫无痛苦地结束了自己单独存在的那一段经历.}

24. 现在,能为他的这本散文集作序,我感觉非常荣幸.
I find it a great honour to be asked to write a preface to this collection of his essays.

25. 心上的河流写出了他对于小河流水的深情,这使我忆起死回我所热爱的无边的大海.
In A River at Heart, he expressed his deep feelings towards the flowing water of a creek^{39, which reminded me of my own love for the boundless40, vast sea.}

26.这几年,我因行动不便, 整天过着井蛙的无聊生活,读了这游记,绚丽生动得如经其境,给了我非常大的快乐.
In recent years, unable to move about easily, I have been leading a dull life like that of a frog at the bottom of a well. Reading his travel notes gave me great pleasure because they are so colourful and vivid that I felt I was actually there.

27.好似旧梦重温一般,我回忆起1936年在伦敦的3个星期,在昼夜看不到日,月,星三光的浓雾之中,参观了大英博物馆,敏纳斯教学-----访问了一些英国朋友.
Just like going through old dreams, I remembered the three weeks I had spent in London in 1936. during that time, when the sun, the moon and the stars were hidden behind the thick fog day and night, I visited the British Museum and the Westminster and called on my English friends.

28.由于住处离罗浮宫非常近,我就整个上午泡在罗浮宫里.
As I was very close to the Louvre, I would loiter in the palace the whole morning.

29. 吃过早餐,就出来坐在宫门台附上,赏析宫门口那一大座花坛,花坛里栽的是红,黄,白,紫四色分明的盛开的郁金色.
After lunch, I would come out and sit on the steps at the entrance of the palace, enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive^{41 red, yellow, white and purple.}

30. 意大利是我最喜欢的一个欧洲国家.
One of my favourite European countries falls on Italy which is built of stone.

31.佛罗伦萨给我留下的,除去美术馆里的雕像和壁画以外,还有一座座府弟墙壁上的灯座,每座灯下都有一只拴马的铁环,是聚会或宴客时拴马用的,十分别致.
Things I can remember in Florence are the statues and murals in the Art Gallery as well as the lampstands on the walls of each house. Under each lampstand, there is q unique iron ring used to tie the horses when parties or banquets are held.

UNIT 6 LITERATURES
1. 重神似不重形似这是在讨论翻译问题时常说的一句话. 傅雷人间喜剧, 约翰.克利斯朵夫, 最难应对的是原文中最简单最了解而最短.

2.No, no, no, replied this inpidual, who was blond and vigorous and by nature a little irritable^{42 and contentious43.
没,没,没, 这个人回答说.他长得漂漂亮亮,精神饱满,生性有点暴躁, 喜欢争吵.}

3.茅盾:直译的意义若就浅处说,只不过不妄改原文的字句;就深处说,还求能保留原文的情调与风格.

4.No, sir, but couldnt I pick it up pretty quick if I tried hard?
是没干过, 先生.但只须我用心,非常快就会掌握的,是吧?

5.Clyde, left alone in this fashion, and not knowing just what it meant, stared, wondering.
克莱德就这么给甩在这儿了,弄不知道的意思是, 两眼直愣愣地想呀想呀.

6.著名翻译家王佐良教授以翻译英诗为主,兼及散文和戏剧. 1980年出版的他的英国诗文选择集中,有他译的袁斯诗11首,雪莱诗8诗,麦克迪儿米诗10首,有他译的培根的散文3篇,科贝特的散文6篇.1985年出版了他译的彭斯诗选.除此之外他还曾将曹禺的雷雨译成英语.

7.I remember my childhood names for grasses and secret flowers.
我记得儿时给各种小草和隐蔽的小花取的名字.

8.It required only a rich winter of rain to make it break forth^{44 in grass and flowers.
只须历程一个雨量充足的冬天, 草呀,花呀, 就会长出来.}

9. when June came the grasses headed out and turned brown, and the hills turned a brown which was not brown but a gold anad saffron and red----an indescribable color.
到6月,草就已经长高了,颜色也变成棕色了.山则显出一种特别的棕色,说棕更不是棕, 有点金黄,有点桔黄,还有点红----也形容不出是个哪种颜色.

10. It was a rasping nervous wind, and the dust particles cut into a mans skin and burned his eyes.
大风叫人们烦躁焦虑,尘土的微粒剐着人的脸,刺痛人的双眼.

11. The land cracked and the springs dried up and the cattle listlessly nibbled^{45 dry twings.
土地龟裂,泉水干枯,牛儿无精打采地啃着干树枝.}

12. The tall, well-dressed gentleman standing^{46 before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.
站在我面前的是一位身材高大,衣着讲究的先生, 与我先前想像的老海怪完全不同.}

13. A delighted giggle^{47 cut through the severe silence. The ice was broken. We all laughed.
一阵咯咯的欢笑声打破了严肃而沉寂的氛围. 哪个也不拘束了,大伙都笑了起来.}

14.在旧社会, 大家评剧演员常常赚钱不够吃饭,艺大家大都是拉家带口,生活困难.
In the old society, Pinju players seldom made enough to live on. And as most were saddled with big families their life was hard.

15.腊月二十三封箱,把祖师爷请到前台去, 后台冷冷清清, 演员们就更苦了,要等到年初中一年级开戏了,才能挣到钱.
On the twenty-third of the twelfth lunar month, when theatres closed and the patron saint of actors was invited to the front stage, leaving the backstage deserted^{48, actors were even worse off, unable to earn any more until the reopening on New Years Day.}

16. 真是一个钱撕成八瓣用,心里一直想着如何可以改变家的困境.
Each single copper^{49 had to be eked50 out, and I kept racking my brains for ways to improve our difficult conditions.}

17.天天天不亮戴着星星去排队,工厂没开大门就排上老长的队了.
We had to queue up before dawn when there were still stars in the sky. A long queue formed before the mills gate opened.

18.可我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡了.
I was drenched^{51 from head to foot like a drowned rat.}

UNIT 8 POPULAR SCIENCE
1. there were three groups of oils; animal, vegetable and mineral.
油可以分为三大类:动物油,植物油,矿物油.

2. a few other creatures yield oil, but non so much as whale.
有的动物也出油,但都没鲸鱼出得多.

3. Vegetable oil has been known from antiquity^{52.
植物油从古以来就为大家所熟知.}

4. To it we owe the existence of the motor-car, which has replaced the private carriage drawn^{53 by the horse, to it we owe the possibility of flying.
就是由于有了这种油,大家才可以用上汽车,以代替马车.就是由于有了这种油,大家才大概飞行.}

5. two metal surfaces rubbing together cause friction^{54 and heat; but if they are separated by a thing film of oil, the friction and heat are reduced. No machine would work for long if it were not properly lubricated.
两个金属面相擦,就要产生摩擦和热;但假如在它们之间抹上薄薄的一层油,就能降低磨擦,减少热度.}

6. the statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing that chief oilfields of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today.
石油原于大海的这种看法是让人们所认同的,你要看一眼世界主要油井的分布图就一清二楚了, 几乎没离得远远的目前海洋的油井.

7. the rocks in which oil is found are of marine^{55 origin too.
石油存在处的岩石也都有海洋的渊源.}

8. A very common sedimentary rock is called shale^{56, which is a soft rock and was obviously formed by being deposited on the sea bed. And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.
一块极普通的沉积岩叫页岩,这种页岩质地松软,非常明显是通过海底沉积用途形成的. 有页岩的地方,极大概有石油.}

9. the drill may just miss the oil although it is near; on the other hand, it may strike oil at a fairly high level.
有时石油虽就在附近,但由于没钻准地儿,结果还是一无所获.有时呢,就这么一钻,石油就喷出好高好高.

10. when the crude oil is obtained from the field, it is taken to the refineries^{57. Gas that comes off the oil later is condensed.
从油田获得的原油要被送到炼油厂进行处置.下面再将获得的汽体浓缩后成为煤油.}

11. We stand now where two roads perge^{58. But unlike the roads in Robert Frosts familiar poem, they are not equally fair
大家正处在两条道路分岔的地方.但并不像大家所熟知的罗伯特.佛罗斯特诗中所说的,这两条路是同样的好.}

12. right to know
知情权

13. A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available.
除去用化学办法控制昆虫以外,还有其他各种很奇妙的办法可以借助.

14. All have this in common: they are biological solutions, based on understanding of the living organisms they seek to control, and of the whole fabric^{59 of life to which these organisms belong.
所有这类办法都有一个一同点：他们都是生物的解决方法，其基础是大家对所要控制的生物体的认知，与对这类生物体整个生活情况的认知。}

15. It has its obscure and unpretentious beginning; its quite stretches as well as its rapids; its periods of drought as well as of fullness.
其源头，隐隐约约，并不引人注目;其流势,时而平缓,时而湍急;其水情, 有汛期,也有枯谒期.

16. Dr. Knipling was ready for a full-scale test of his theory.
尼普林教授已在佛罗里达岛进行了一些实地预备性实验, 并计划大规模地实践其理论.

17. the resounding^{60 success of the Curacao experiment whetted61 the appetities of Florida livestock62 raisers for a similar feat63 that whould relieve them of the scourge64 of screw-worms.
库拉索岛上的实验大获成功. 这引起了佛罗里达州特点畜饲养者的兴趣,他们期望借用这一成就帮他们摆脱螺旋铃绳这一祸害.}

18. prearranged flight parents.
事先安排好的飞行队形.

19. 中国还对广阔的国内架和专用经济区行使主权权利和管辖权;中国的海域处在中,低纬度地带,自然环境和资源条件比较优越. 人工养殖.
China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction^{65 over the vast continental66 shelves and exclusive economic zone, as defined by the Un Convention on the Law of the Sea. Located in medium and low latitudes67, Chinas sea areas have comparatively advantageous68 natural environmental and resource conditions.}

20. 所谓上下文一般是指该语言单位的语言环境. 所谓狭义上下文是指句子的上下文, 即在一个句子的范围内该单位周围的的一些语言单位.所谓广义上下文是指该单位的超出句子范围的语言环境,这就是话语上下文,即在该单位的周围,在该单位以外,亦即在与之毗连的每个句子的语言单位的总和. 狭义上下文又可以分为句法上下文和词语上下文. 所谓环境, 是指:1.交际环境,妈了达成交行行为的环境; 2.通报主题,即话语中描述的一情景; 3. 交际参与者,即说者与听者.

UNIT 9 LAW
1. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase environmental law would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from lany lawyers.
早在六十年代初,甚至连很多律师接触到环保法 这个词儿,大半也只能感到纳决而已.

2.enforcement power, environmental statutes^{69. Court of apples. Federal Power Commission. Grant a licese
执法权力, 环境法, 上诉法院, 关邦电力委员会, 颁发许可证.}

3.A powerful indictment^{70 of Americas disregard of ecology, Silent Spring was aimed chiefly at the wholesale71 use of chemical pesticides72, especially DDT. In 1965 a court action took place that ranks in environmental importance with the publication of Silent Spring.
不久将来,在1962年雷切尔.卡林所著,名为沉默的春季一书问世了沉默的春季有力的控诉了美国之忽略生态,它主如果针对大规模用农药----尤其是嘀滴涕. 1965年又发生了一件诉讼,其对环境之要紧意义,不亚于沉默的春季之出版.}

4. strip mining, noise pollution, offshore oil drilling, waste disposal. Aerosol^{73 cans, and nonreturnable beverage74 containers.
露天采矿, 噪音污染, 深海钻油,废物排放, 喷雾器罐及一次性饮料容器.}

5. in fact, there is hardly a realm of national life that is not touched by the controversy^{75 that often pits those who style themselves environmentalists against proponents76 of economic growth in our energy-consumming society. The problem is to balance the needs of the environment against those of the economy or consumers trying to cope with the high cosplayt of living without destroying the earth on which we all depend.
事实上,人类生活的很多方面都同这个争议密切有关.那些自称为环保主义者的人十分关注这个皱议,他们反对社会消耗能源以求进步经济. 问题其实是要在环保需要同经济消耗需要之间找到平衡,既满足存活的高消耗又不可以破坏大家依靠的地球.}

7. enacting^{77 legislation, Clean open land. Clean Air Act Amendment78. State legislatures. Bills. Hearings. Private lobbies. Labor79 unions. Trade-offs. Immediate80 future. Taken into account.
实行规范, 空置土地, 净化空气法案, 净化空所修正法案, 各州立法机构, 条约, 听证会, 行业协会, 劳工会,}

8. the contracting states. copyright protection international systems. Copyright proprietors^{81. Cinematographic works.
缔约国,成员国, 版权保护, 世界版权保护规范, 版权所有者, 电影的作品}

9. For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may, by domestic legislation, assimilate to its own nationals any person domiciled in that State.
为推行本公约,任何成员国均可根据国内立法,将常常居住于该国的其他人按本国国民对待.

10. Director-General, signatory States. Come into force.
委员会主席, 缔约国. 生效.

11. each Contracting State undertakes to adopt, in accordance with its Constitution, such measures as are necessary to ensure the application of this Convention
各缔约国应依据其宪法采取有效手段保证此公约的推行.

12. it is understood that at the date this convention cones^{82 into force in respect of any State, that State must be in a position under its domestic law to give effect to the terms of this Convention.
须明确的是此公约在缔约国内一经生效, 该国就应依据其国内法律推行公约的各项条约.}

13. 中华人民共和国
Peoples Republic of China

14. 国际经济合作和技术交流, 平等互利的原则
International economic cooperation and technological^{83 exchange. On the principle of equality and mutual84 benefit.}

15. 合营企业的所有活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律, 法令和有关条例规定.
All activities of an equity^{85 joint venture shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent86 regulations of the PRC.}

16. 合营各方, 主管部门, 工商行政管理主管部门. 有限责任公司. 注册资本.
Parties to the venture, competent department, States competent department in charge of industry and commerce administration. Limited liability company. Registered capital.

17.合营企业各方可以现金, 实物,工业产权等进行投资.
The parties to an equity joint venture may make their investment in cash, in kind or in industrial property rights.

18.董事会, 企业进步规划, 生产经营活动策略, 收入支出预算, 收益分配, 劳动薪资计划.
Board of directors; the ventures development plans, proposals for production and business operations. The budget for revenues and expenditure^{87, the distribution of profits. The plans concerning manpower and wages.}

19. 毛收益, 所得税, 储备基金, 职工奖励及福利基金, 企业进步基金, 净收益, 注册资本
Net profit. Income tax. Reserve fund. A bonus and welfare fund for workers and staff members and a venture expansion fund,

20. 外汇帐户, 外汇管理条例,
Foreign exchange transactions. Regulations on foreign exchange control.
21. 合营企业所需原材料,燃料,配套件等, 应尽先在中国购买, 也可由合营企业界自筹外汇,直接在国际市场上购买.
In its purchase of required raw and processed materials. Fuels, auxiliary^{88 equipment, etc. an equity joint ventures should first give priority to purchases in China. It may also make such purchases directly on the world market with foreign exchange raised by itself.}

22. 外籍职工, 个人所得税, 不可抗力, 全国人民代表大会
Foreign employee. Inpidual income tax. Force majeure. National Peoples Congress.

UNIT 10 SPEECHES
1. distinguished^{89 guests. On behalf of. Incomparable hospitality.
诸位贵宾. 谨代表. 盛情款待.}

2. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.
我在外国从来没听到过演奏得这么好的美国音乐.

3. gracious and eloquent^{90 remarks. Common ground. At the outset. Common interests.
盛情和雄辩的讲话. 合作的一同点. 刚开始. 一同利益.}

4. we have acquired a keen sense of the persity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.
大家强烈地感觉到你们所进行的改革和对外开放政策给中国带来的多元化,活力和进步.

5. more than eight years have passed since Vice^{8 Premier91 Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two great nations.
自从邓小平副总理和我一同打造大家两个伟大国家之间的正式外交关系以来,已经八年多了.}

6. sino-American relationship. The forging of firm Sino-American ties. National security policies.
中美关系. 打造结实的中美关系. 国家安全政策.

7. strategic relations. Non-government sectors^{92.
策略关系, 非政府部门}

8. in this context, it is important for our two societies to search for areas of cooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.
在这样的情况下, 两国寻求能明显带来互惠互利的合作范围便看上去非常重要.

9. in the area of public health. Although ours is relatively^{93 quite small, such activities, when combined with our common foreign policy interests and a growing commercial relationship, should help to remove the lingering fragility in Sino-American relations.
在公共健康范围方面. 尽管我方所占比率较小, 但此次项目, 涉及大家基本对外政策的利害关系及不断增进的商业关系,势必能够帮助消除中美关系中长期存在的不稳定原因.\}

10. 先有哈佛,后有美利坚合众国, 这说明了哈佛在美国历史上的地位.
The fact that Harvard was founded before the United States of American testifies to its position in the American history.

11. 中国教育界,科学界,文化界一直同哈佛大学维持着学术交流.
The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained academic exchange with this university.

12. 中国在自己进步的长河中, 形成了优良的历史文化传统.
In the prolonged course of its development, China has formed its fine historical and cultural traditions