都是表示对象,为何有时介词用for sb,如1和2句;有时却用of sb,如3和4句。平常如何区别具体该用什么介词,有哪些规律可循吗?谢谢!
The babys too much for her to cope with.
It is easy for me to answer this question.
It was silly of us to believe him.
It was kind of her to help us.
for sb. to do sth.是不定式的复合结构。至于of sb.,夸克(Quirk)《英语语法大全》(P.1704)提到:
出现先行词it后面的一组形容词是那些用于[E5]句型(It is splendid of Bob to wait.)的形容词(主要表示评价人物所用的述性)。这一组中的形容词后常跟of-短语,用来点明所论及的那个人(或那几个人)是哪个:
It was wrong to tell lies.
It is nice of you to phone.
▲你不必对此类结构过于纠结,仅需了解作表语的形容词说明“人”用of sb. to do sth.;说明“事”则用for sb. to do sth.。比较:
Itsstupidofyoutoasksuchquestions. 你问如此的问题真是太傻了。
Itshardformetomake friendswithstrangers. 我非常难和陌生人交朋友。